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Passive Voice

There are two voices in English, the active and the passive.
The active tells us what the subject does, for example :
 He writes a letter
The passive tells us what is done to the subject. For example :
 A letter is written by him


Definition the passive voice :
A passive contruction occurs when you make the object of an action into the subject of a sentence. That is, whoever or whatever is performing the action is not the grammatical subject of the sentence.

The generic structure :
Active : S + V active + O
Passive : O + to be + V3 + by + S

Active to passive voice :
Simple present : Noun + am/is/are + V3
Active : I write a letter
Passive : A letter is written by me

Present Continuous : Noun + is/am/are + being + V3
Active : He is buying a car
Passive : A car is being bought by him

Simple Past : Noun + was/were + V3
Active : The judge sentenced the convicted 5 years imprisonment
Passive : The convicted was sentenced 5 years imprisonment by the judge

Past continuous : Noun + was/were + being + V3
Active : the officer was investigating the case
Passive : the case was being investigated by the officer

Simple Future : Noun + Shall/will + be + V3
Active : The judge will issue a verdict against the accused
Passive : A verdict against the accused will be issued by the judges

Past Future : Noun + should/would + be + V3
Active : The investigator would hand in the file
Passive : The file would be handed in by the investigator

Simple Present Perfect : Noun + has/have + been + V3
Active : They have committed another crime
Passive : another crime has been committed by them

Past perfect : Noun + had + been + V3
Active : We had found your watch
Passive : your watch had been found by us

Simple Future Perfect : Noun + shall/will + had + been + V3
Active : the witness shall have shown the evidence
Passive : The evidence will have been shown by the witness
Past future Perfect : Noun + should/would + have + been + V3
Active : the major should have been invited the president
Passive : the president should have been invited by the major

Modals : Noun + must/shall/will/have to/has to + be +V3
Active : Sugiarto must report his attendance to the police once a week
Passive : His attendance must be reported by to the police once a week

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